Dental Council notification · Written to Standards Framework for Oral Health Practitioners
Ethics and Ethical Standards for Dentists for Dentists and oral health practitioners facing a Dental Council investigation, complaint or allegation
The allegation concerns your ethical judgement, behaviour or conduct as a dentist or oral health practitioner.
- Overtreatment — treatment not needed, or a cheaper option not offered
- Dishonesty — a record altered, or a claim for treatment not given
- Fees — an estimate that did not match the invoice
- Consent — options, costs or risks not explained or recorded
- Boundaries — a boundaries breach with a patient or a colleague
- Scope — advanced work beyond your training or your conditions
- Impairment — controlled drugs misused, or treating while unwell
- Any other — ethical concern or allegation of unethical conduct
Facing an allegation of unethical behaviour or misconduct like these — from the Dental Council, a Professional Conduct Committee or the Health Practitioners Disciplinary Tribunal?
Help with a Dental Council investigation, complaint or allegation starts here. This CPD course helps you remediate — and demonstrate the remediation, with a dated certificate for your written response, your portfolio or a Committee or Tribunal direction.
Immediate access · certificate on completion · twelve months' access
- 2 CPD hours
- Self-paced
- Written for New Zealand
- CPD certificate
- Bulk buy: any 5 for NZ$850 · any 10 for NZ$1,400
At a glance
- Who it is for
- Any oral health practitioner facing a Dental Council notification, complaint or allegation, a Professional Conduct Committee investigation or a competence review about ethical conduct, behaviour or decisions — an allegation of unethical behaviour, conduct or action
- Authorities covered
- The Dental Council, its Professional Conduct Committees and the Health Practitioners Disciplinary Tribunal
- Length
- 10 sections, 58 lessons, 2 CPD hours
- Format
- Self-paced, online, immediate access, twelve months from purchase
- Certificate
- Issued by Healthcare Ethics Courses on completion, dated, with the course title and 2 CPD hours
- Price
- NZ$200 · any 5 for NZ$850 · any 10 for NZ$1,400
Certificate issued by Healthcare Ethics CoursesRemediation courses for regulatory processes.
Who this course is for
Facing an allegation of unethical behaviour or conduct
The Council’s letter says a treatment recommended, a fee charged, a record, a relationship or a photograph fell short of the Standards Framework. This course is how you account for it — and show you have remediated.
Dealing with a Dental Council notification or complaint
A patient — by far the most common source — the HDC, ACC, a colleague or the practice owner has raised a concern, and the Registrar has asked for your comment. Your comment is where the reasoning first appears; this course gives it the structure the Council reads for.
A professional advisor is visiting, or a competence review has been ordered
The competence route starts with your comment and usually a practice visit; a Competence Review Committee then looks at clinical management, records, prescribing and communication. A dated certificate and a reflective account are evidence a committee or a recertification programme can record.
Under investigation by a Professional Conduct Committee
Two registered practitioners and a layperson have the file and want your comment — and usually a meeting — before they decide what to recommend. They read for insight in your reflection, and for dated, targeted ethics remediation alongside it.
Facing a misconduct charge or hearing before the Tribunal
A charge of professional misconduct has been laid, or a penalty is being decided. Remediation completed before the hearing — dated, documented — is weighed every time.
Expecting a complaint to reach the Council
A complaint to the practice, the Health and Disability Commissioner or ACC can become a Dental Council notification — and the HDC refers a growing share of them. Remediation done now is documented before it does.
The concerns this course speaks to
Overtreatment and the business
A treatment the patient did not need, a cosmetic procedure you would not choose for yourself, a cheaper option not mentioned, a product line recommended because its maker sponsors your seminars. Putting patients’ interests first is the Framework’s first principle; the course treats the commercial pull as an ethical fact of dentistry, not a scandal.
Probity and an allegation of dishonesty
A note added after the complaint and presented as contemporaneous, a radiograph recorded that was not taken, a crown fee for a temporary, an ACC or insurance claim that does not match the treatment, a false declaration on an APC application. The Council treats dishonesty and overclaiming as misconduct whatever the harm.
Fees and informed financial consent
A global fee quoted and charges added later, an estimate never written down, a payment plan the patient did not understand. In dentistry the cost is part of the information a patient needs to choose, so financial transparency is a matter of consent as well as probity.
Consent and informed refusal
An extraction recommended without the alternatives, scaling begun without the discomfort explained, fluoride varnish applied without the caregiver told — or a competent refusal not respected, or respected without a record. The Council’s practice standard on informed consent sets the measure, and consent recording is a recurring Committee theme.
Professional and ethical boundaries
Personal messages with a patient on social media, a friendship that outgrew the professional relationship, a relationship that began in the surgery, a technician and a client. The Council’s practice standard places the responsibility with the practitioner; the course treats the first drift as the moment the standard is engaged.
Scope, conditions and keeping current
Implants, endodontics or complex surgery taken on with little training behind them, work outside your scope, a condition on your practice not kept. The Council is looking more closely at advanced procedures done with limited professional development, and practising outside scope is a ground of discipline.
Health, impairment and controlled substances
Treating while unwell, exhausted or impaired, misuse of controlled substances, a health-monitoring condition not met. Non-maleficence is the principle engaged and the Council’s health route exists for it; the course covers recognising the limit in yourself and what a credible response contains.
When two obligations collide
Confidentiality against someone else’s safety; an emergency squeezed in against a booked patient; candour after a perforation or a wrong tooth; whānau discouraged from the surgery to save space. The course teaches how to name the tension, decide, record — and tell the patient, including what it will cost.
Facing a Dental Council investigation, complaint or allegation? This course helps you remediate — and demonstrate it.
Buy this course — NZ$200What the course covers
Ten sections and 58 lessons, with a reflective quiz closing each of the first nine and a post-course assessment at the end.
Why Ethics Matters in New Zealand Dental Practice
Five lessons
Core Ethical Principles — Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-Maleficence, Justice
Five lessons
DCNZ Standards Framework — Key Ethical Expectations
Eight lessons
Common Ethical Dilemmas in New Zealand Dental Practice
Seven lessons
Confidentiality, Digital Professionalism, and Privacy (Health Information Privacy Code 2020)
Six lessons
Probity, Honesty, and Accountability in Dental Practice (New Zealand)
Six lessons
Weak vs Strong Ethical Responses — Case Comparisons
Seven lessons
Demonstrating Ethics in Fitness-to-Practise and Remediation Processes
Six lessons
Embedding Ethics into Professional Identity and Resilience
Six lessons
Conclusion and Key Takeaways
Key takeaways and the post-course assessment
Show every lesson title
- Section 01 · Why Ethics Matters in New Zealand Dental Practice
- The Role of Ethics in Dentistry; Why the Dental Council Prioritises Ethics; Ethics and Professional Identity in Aotearoa; Consequences of Ethical Lapses; Why Ethics Matters Now More Than Ever.
- Section 02 · Core Ethical Principles — Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-Maleficence, Justice
- Autonomy — Respecting Patient Choice; Beneficence — Acting in the Patient’s Best Interest; Non-Maleficence — "Do No Harm"; Justice — Fairness and Equality in Dental Care; Balancing Principles in Practice.
- Section 03 · DCNZ Standards Framework — Key Ethical Expectations
- Putting Patients’ Interests First; Ensuring Safe Practice; Communicating Effectively; Providing Good Care; Maintaining Public Trust and Confidence; Accountability and Candour; Digital Professionalism; Reflection and Remediation.
- Section 04 · Common Ethical Dilemmas in New Zealand Dental Practice
- Informed Refusal vs Beneficence; Confidentiality vs Duty to Protect; Consent and Financial Transparency; Cosmetic Dentistry and Beneficence; Digital Professionalism and Social Media; Cultural Safety and Te Tiriti Obligations; Professional Boundaries.
- Section 05 · Confidentiality, Digital Professionalism, and Privacy (Health Information Privacy Code 2020)
- The Ethical Duty of Confidentiality; Legal Framework — Privacy Act 2020 and Health Information Privacy Code 2020; Confidentiality in the Digital Era; Digital Professionalism and Social Media; Telehealth and Virtual Consultations; Consequences of Breaches.
- Section 06 · Probity, Honesty, and Accountability in Dental Practice (New Zealand)
- Probity as a Core Ethical Duty; Honesty in Documentation and Communication; Financial Integrity and Transparency; Accountability in Clinical Practice; Consequences of Breaching Probity and Accountability; Building a Culture of Probity and Accountability.
- Section 07 · Weak vs Strong Ethical Responses — Case Comparisons
- Record Alteration; Consent Failure; Boundary Concern; Billing Misconduct; Disrespectful Communication; Cultural Safety Lapse; Lessons Across Cases.
- Section 08 · Demonstrating Ethics in Fitness-to-Practise and Remediation Processes
- Why Ethical Demonstration Matters; How the DCNZ Assesses Ethical Behaviour; Weak vs Strong Demonstrations; Evidence That Reassures the Council; Remediation Portfolios in New Zealand; Long-Term Monitoring and Ethical Growth.
- Section 09 · Embedding Ethics into Professional Identity and Resilience
- Ethics as Professional Identity; Daily Ethical Habits; Reflection and Accountability as Routine Practice; Building Resilience to Sustain Ethics; Mentorship and Role Modelling; Sustaining Ethics Across a Career.
- Section 10 · Conclusion and Key Takeaways
- Conclusion; Key Takeaways.
How to respond to a Dental Council notification, complaint or allegation
The Registrar, a professional advisor, a Professional Conduct Committee and the Health Practitioners Disciplinary Tribunal all read your comment for the same four parts. The course teaches each one.
The chart holds the treatment and the invoice; your comment has to hold the reasoning.
- The obligations in playBoth of them: the patient’s choice and their benefit, their benefit and the practice’s, their confidence and someone else’s safety.The course maps each to the Standards Framework’s five principles and its practice standards, so you can name them.
- The conflictWhere they pointed different ways, stated plainly.The course’s New Zealand dental dilemmas show what the tension looks like on the page.
- The decision, and what the patient was toldWhich alternatives were offered and at what cost, what you knew at the time, and why one obligation prevailed.Weak and strong responses to six dental events show the difference.
- The reconsiderationWhat you would weigh differently now, with dated work that proves it — and restitution where money is involved.This course is the dated item you attach — and, for an integrity, fee or boundary allegation, the remediation targeted to the lapse.
A refund offered in place of an explanation, or an acknowledgement followed by but the list was, reads as the absence of insight.
Take advice from your indemnity insurer, your union or a lawyer before you respond to anyone.
Facing a Dental Council investigation, complaint or allegation? This course helps you remediate — and demonstrate it.
Buy this course — NZ$200How this course helps with a Dental Council investigation
Six New Zealand events, two ways of answering for each
A record altered after a missed entry. Fluoride varnish applied without the caregiver told. Personal messages with a patient on social media. A full crown fee for a temporary. A nervous patient told not to overreact. Whānau discouraged from a complex extraction. For each, the course puts the response that ended a practitioner’s matter beside the one that sent it to a Committee — and the strong one always names the principle of the Framework first, does not reach for the schedule or the overheads, and points to something dated that has changed.
Evidence a Committee or a recertification programme will accept
Counts: this course’s dated certificate, CPD targeted to the principle concerned, a mentor’s or peer’s reports, an audit of records, consent documentation or estimates repeated after an interval, patient feedback gathered on purpose, Māori-led cultural safety education where it is engaged, and reflection that cites the Framework. Counts for little: hours on another subject, a refund in place of an explanation, an apology for the complaint, and reflection that argues. For the stages from the first letter to the Tribunal, see the Council investigation process, explained.
Read the primary sources
- Health Practitioners Competence Assurance Act 2003 — the Act
- Standards Framework for Oral Health Practitioners — The framework
- Professional boundaries — Practice standard
- Patient records and privacy of health information — Practice standard
- Complaints and notifications — Fitness to practise
- Health Practitioners Disciplinary Tribunal — decisions
Who wrote it
Dr Shehzad Iqbal
Course author and facilitator, Healthcare Ethics New Zealand
Dr Iqbal has designed and delivered ethics, probity and professionalism training for healthcare professionals since 2020, working with registrants across regulated health professions, online and face to face. He combines clinical practice with formal postgraduate training in healthcare law and ethics.
MBBS · MRCS · MRCGP · Postgraduate Certificate in Healthcare Law and Ethics, University of Dundee
Written and reviewed by Dr Shehzad Iqbal. Last reviewed .
In short
Ethics and Ethical Standards for Dentists is a self-paced remediation course of 2 hours for every oral health practitioner registered with the Dental Council of New Zealand facing a notification, investigation, complaint or allegation, mapped to the Council’s Standards Framework. It teaches the four ethical principles as they arise in a profession that charges at the chair, in the Framework’s own words and those of its practice standards, reads them through Te Tiriti o Waitangi, and works through the situations that produce notifications about dental professionals: informed refusal, consent and cost, confidentiality in the waiting room and on the screen, cosmetic dentistry and over-treatment, fees and claims, candour after harm, honesty in the record, boundaries and fitness to treat. Six New Zealand case comparisons show the response that ends a matter beside the one that does not. Ten sections with a reflective quiz after each of the first nine, a post-course assessment, and a dated certificate from Healthcare Ethics Courses for your recertification record. Remediation, not advice: no course decides a matter, and your indemnity insurer, professional association or a lawyer should read anything before it goes to the Council.
Four principles in a profession that charges at the chair
Dental ethics is decided in a room where the clinical option and the invoice arrive together, and the Framework’s first principle — put patients’ interests first — is written for exactly that room. The four principles agree most of the time; the appointment that produces a notification is the one in which one of them was quietly outweighed by what the practice needed. The course maps each to the Framework’s five principles and practice standards — consent, records, boundaries, advertising — and to New Zealand law.
Three things are dentistry-specific. Money: cost is part of the information a patient needs to choose. The image: dentistry photographs, advertises and increasingly treats by video, and consent follows the image wherever it goes. The team: a treatment passes through a dentist, a hygienist or therapist, a technician and a laboratory, and the Framework’s expectations of collaboration are ethical ones.
What these words mean
The three terms that decide where a matter goes, and the other words the course uses.
- Professional Conduct Committee
- The committee the Council or Board appoints under s 71 of the Act to investigate a conduct concern: two members of the profession and a layperson with a legal adviser. It asks for your written response, may hear from you, and recommends anything from no further action, through counselling and a competence or health review, to a charge before the Tribunal (s 80).
- Professional misconduct
- The Tribunal’s ground under s 100 of the Act: malpractice or negligence in your scope of practice, or conduct that has brought or was likely to bring discredit to the profession. Dishonesty, a boundary breach and a breach of confidence are among the findings made under it.
- The three routes under the HPCA Act
- Fitness to practise is the phrase practitioners use for the whole process. Under the Health Practitioners Competence Assurance Act 2003 the Council or Board takes one of three routes: a competence review (your practice against the required standard); the health process — the Act’s fitness to practise provisions, for impairment by a mental or physical condition; or a referral of your conduct to a Professional Conduct Committee, which can lay a charge of professional misconduct before the Tribunal. Which route your letter names tells you how the matter is being treated.
The four principles, informed financial consent and the other terms the course uses
- Autonomy
- The patient’s right to choose among the options, including the cheaper one and none, on the basis of adequate information — about risk, alternatives and cost — and without pressure. In dentistry: informed consent, informed financial consent, informed refusal, and the record that shows all three were real.
- Beneficence
- The obligation to act for the patient’s benefit as they and their circumstances define it, rather than the practice’s. The principle often tested by cosmetic dentistry, by over-treatment and by the product line that sponsors the seminar.
- Non-maleficence
- The obligation not to cause avoidable harm by act or omission: safe practice, infection prevention, working within scope and competence, not treating while impaired, and candour when harm has happened. The principle a competence review often engages.
- Justice
- Fairness between patients and to the public: attention on clinical need, non-discrimination between funded and private patients, honesty in claims on ACC and insurers. Engaged whenever the book is full and whenever the practitioner’s own interest is in the room.
- Informed consent
- Agreement to treatment by a patient who has capacity, has been told what a reasonable person in their position would want to know — risks, alternatives, cost — and is free to decline. A practice standard of the Council and a patient’s legal right; a consent notification engages both.
- Informed financial consent
- The patient’s agreement to the cost of treatment, given before it begins, on a written estimate that matches the invoice. In the Framework a part of consent rather than a matter of business, and the subject of a class of notification particular to dentistry.
- Confidentiality
- The duty to keep health information private under the Framework’s practice standard and the Health Information Privacy Code, tested in dentistry by the waiting room, the photograph and the video call. Not absolute: disclosure is permitted in defined circumstances, and the course covers how a decision either way is made and recorded.
- Candour
- Openness with a patient when treatment has caused harm — what happened, what it means, what will be done and what it will cost them, if anything. Required by the Framework, and the subject of a companion course.
The provisions an ethics concern about an oral health practitioner engages
The Dental Council publishes its own standards of ethical conduct under the Health Practitioners Competence Assurance Act 2003, and an ethics notification about an oral health practitioner is measured against them. These are the standard itself and the provisions of the Act the notification runs under.
Dental Council — Standards Framework for Oral Health Practitioners
Five ethical principles, the professional standards and the practice standards — informed consent, patient records and privacy, professional boundaries, advertising among them. The Framework says in terms that it guides the Council and the Tribunal when conduct is questioned. Read it.
For this course: The course maps the four principles onto the Framework’s five and its practice standards — consent, records, boundaries, advertising — so that a response cites the document the Council will apply.
Section 71 — referral to a Professional Conduct Committee
An ethics concern is a conduct concern — a fee, a record, a boundary, a treatment the patient did not need — and is referred to a Professional Conduct Committee of two registered practitioners and a layperson, which investigates independently and asks for your comment. Read it.
For this course: An ethics concern about an oral health practitioner — a fee, a record, a boundary, a treatment the patient did not need — is referred here as conduct, and the course explains what the Committee will look at.
Section 100 — the grounds of discipline
The Tribunal may discipline for professional misconduct — malpractice or negligence, or conduct likely to bring discredit to the profession — and for practising outside scope or breaching a condition. Overclaiming, a false record and a boundary breach are among the dental conduct found to reach it. Read it.
For this course: Dishonesty in a record or a claim, a fee charged for treatment not given, and a boundary can each reach this threshold.
Section 101 — the penalties
Censure, conditions, suspension for up to three years, cancellation of registration, a fine of up to NZ$30,000 and costs. Insight, restitution and remediation are weighed every time, and an ethics course completed before the hearing is dated evidence of them. Read it.
For this course: The Tribunal’s penalty decisions about oral health practitioners weigh insight, restitution and the evidence of change; the course is about all three.
Also engaged: Section 118 — the Council sets the Framework a notification is measured against · Section 80 — what a Professional Conduct Committee may recommend, from counselling to a charge · Section 36 — a competence review where a pattern of treatment decisions suggests a gap.
What happens after an ethics notification reaches the Dental Council
The same stages as any notification about an oral health practitioner. At every one the reader asks whether you saw the ethical question, decided it for reasons you can state, told the patient what they needed to know — including the cost — and have reconsidered, with dated evidence.
The Registrar and a professional advisor sort the notification
The Registrar, with a professional advisor and the Council’s legal adviser, sorts the notification into competence, conduct or health and writes to you for your comment. Many notifications end here — no further action or an educative letter — and which depends on the comment.
A practice visit and a Competence Review Committee
Where the concern suggests practice below the required standard, a professional advisor makes inquiries and usually visits the practice; a Competence Review Committee may then review clinical management, practice systems, records, prescribing and communication, and recommend a recertification programme or conditions.
The health route
Where a condition, or the use of controlled substances, may affect your practice, the Council works with you and your medical team under the Act’s fitness to practise provisions — a medical examination, monitoring and conditions where needed. Early intervention usually keeps a practitioner in practice.
A Professional Conduct Committee
Overtreatment, overclaiming, a false record or declaration, a boundary, misleading advertising, practising outside scope or breaching conditions: two registered practitioners and a layperson investigate, read your comment, usually meet you, and recommend anything from no further action to a charge. Insight decides more than the event does.
The Tribunal
A legally qualified chair, three oral health practitioners and a layperson hear the charge, usually in public. Penalties run from censure to cancellation; insight, restitution and remediation are weighed in every decision, and any order is reviewed against what has changed.
Interim suspension or conditions
Where patients are at serious risk the Council may suspend your practising certificate or impose interim conditions at any stage, and the Tribunal may once a charge is laid. An interim order is a precaution, not a finding, and is reviewed.
Facing a Dental Council investigation, complaint or allegation? This course helps you remediate — and demonstrate it.
Buy this course — NZ$200Not an oral health practitioner? New Zealand regulates 18 professions under the Health Practitioners Competence Assurance Act 2003, and the process is the same for all — courses for every registered profession →
Frequently asked questions
What does the Council want in a comment on an ethics notification?
The reasoning: which principles were engaged, where they conflicted, which prevailed and why, what the patient was told about alternatives and cost, the effect, and what you would weigh differently now — with the principle or standard of the Framework named by you first.
Should someone read my comment before I send it?
Yes. Your indemnity insurer, your professional association or a lawyer should see anything before it goes to the Council, a professional advisor, a Professional Conduct Committee, the Tribunal or your employer. Nothing on this page is legal advice, and no course determines the outcome of a matter.
Will the Dental Council or a Professional Conduct Committee accept this course as remediation?
No provider is accredited by the Dental Council, and no course decides a matter. What a committee and the Tribunal weigh is dated, targeted remediation with reflection that engages the standard — and this course is written to the Standards Framework and its practice standards, so the connection is plain. Check the wording of any direction with your indemnity insurer, professional association or lawyer before you rely on it.
The notification is about a fee — the invoice was more than the estimate. Is that an ethics matter?
Yes. In dentistry cost is part of the information a patient needs to choose, so an estimate that does not match the invoice is a consent matter before it is a business one, and a charge for treatment not provided is a probity matter. Some fee disputes fall outside the Council’s remit; the ones it takes up turn on what the patient was told.
I recommended a treatment I would not have chosen for myself. Is that unethical?
It is the question the Council will ask, and the honest answer is the response. Beneficence asks whether the treatment served the patient as they and their circumstances define it; the course covers overtreatment, cosmetic dentistry and the sponsored product line, and how to account for a recommendation in the grey.
A patient declined the treatment I recommended and came to harm. Am I responsible?
A patient with capacity is entitled to refuse, and the Framework requires the refusal to be respected. The Council will look at whether it was informed — risks explained in terms the patient could use, the alternatives and their costs set out, a review offered — and whether the record shows it.
I am a hygienist, a therapist or a technician, not a dentist. Is this course for me?
Yes. The Council registers every oral health practitioner under one Framework and one set of processes, and the course is written for all of them. The page name uses “dentists” because that is what many people search for.
When can I breach confidentiality?
When the law requires it, and when disclosure is necessary to prevent a serious threat to someone’s life or health — to the extent necessary and, where possible, with the patient told. The course also covers the ordinary breaches — the waiting room, the photograph, the shared office — that produce more notifications than the hard cases.
Does the course cover tele-dentistry, photographs and social media?
Yes. Before-and-after photographs without written consent, a video consultation overheard in a shared office and a case posted online are among the events the course works through, under the Framework’s practice standards on privacy and advertising.
How is this course different from the Professionalism course for dentists?
This course is about the reasoning behind a decision — consent and cost, confidentiality, cosmetic treatment, fairness, candour. The Professionalism course is about conduct — communication, honesty in records, boundaries, the team. A notification that says a decision was wrong usually starts here.
How long does it take, and how long do I have access?
The course is 2 CPD hours, self-paced, with twelve months’ access from purchase. The certificate is issued on completion, dated, with the course title and the CPD hours, for your recertification record, a recertification programme or a response.
Courses that work alongside this one
Notifications rarely raise one issue. These are the courses that pair with this one.
Professionalism and Professional Standards for Dentists
A Dental Council notification about professionalism: overtreatment, consent and cost, infection prevention, boundaries or advertising. 2 CPD hours.
Privacy, Consent and Chaperone in Healthcare Practice
Consent, privacy and the presence of another person during an examination: for NZ practitioners facing an allegation about an examination. 2 CPD hours.
Confidentiality in Healthcare Practice
Confidentiality and privacy course for NZ health practitioners facing a notification or privacy concern under the Health Information Privacy Code. 2 hours.
Financial Integrity for Healthcare Professionals
Financial integrity course for NZ health practitioners facing a billing, fee, ACC or third-party payer concern. Financial consent and conflicts. 2 CPD hrs.
Duty of Candour for Healthcare Professionals
Open disclosure course for NZ health practitioners facing a notification about non-disclosure, delay, a minimised account or a missing apology. 2 CPD hours.
Documentation for Healthcare Professionals
Clinical documentation and health records course for NZ health practitioners facing a notification about records, late entries or amendments. 2 CPD hours.
Insight for Fitness to Practise
Asked to show insight after a notification? The staged model, the four components a Council or Tribunal assesses, and what undermines it. 2 CPD hours.
Start today, finish at your own pace
Immediate access on purchase. Twelve months' access, a dated certificate on completion, and 2 CPD hours issued by Healthcare Ethics Courses.